5 Hot Females Riding Male Again and Again

Ii- or three-wheeled motor vehicle

A motorbike, often called a motorbike, bike, cycle, or (if iii-wheeled) trike, is a 2- or three-wheeled motor vehicle.^{[1] [two] [3]} Motorbike design varies greatly to arrange a range of unlike purposes: long-distance travel, commuting, cruising, sport (including racing), and off-road riding. Motorcycling is riding a motorcycle and existence involved in other related social activity such as joining a motorcycle lodge and attending motorcycle rallies.

The 1885 Daimler Reitwagen made by Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach in Frg was the first internal combustion, petroleum-fueled motorcycle. In 1894, Hildebrand & Wolfmüller became the first series production motorcycle.^{[4] [v]}

In 2014, the three top motorcycle producers globally by book were Honda (28%), Yamaha (17%) (both from Nippon), and Hero MotoCorp (India).^[6] In developing countries, motorcycles are considered utilitarian due to lower prices and greater fuel economy. Of all the motorcycles in the globe, 58% are in the Asia-Pacific and Southern and Eastern Asia regions, excluding auto-axial Nippon.

According to the United states of america Section of Transportation, the number of fatalities per vehicle mile traveled was 37 times college for motorcycles than for cars.^[7]

Types [edit]

The term motorbike has unlike legal definitions depending on jurisdiction (see § Legal definitions and restrictions).

There are three major types of motorbike: street, off-route, and dual purpose. Within these types, in that location are many sub-types of motorcycles for different purposes. There is often a racing counterpart to each type, such every bit route racing and street bikes, or motocross including clay bikes.

Street bikes include cruisers, sportbikes, scooters and mopeds, and many other types. Off-route motorcycles include many types designed for dirt-oriented racing classes such equally motocross and are not street legal in most areas. Dual purpose machines like the dual-sport style are made to go off-road but include features to make them legal and comfortable on the street as well.

Each configuration offers either specialised advantage or broad capability, and each design creates a different riding posture.

In some countries the use of pillions (rear seats) is restricted.

• 

History [edit]

Experimentation and invention [edit]

Replica of the Daimler-Maybach Reitwagen

The start internal combustion, petroleum fueled motorbike was the Daimler Reitwagen. It was designed and congenital by the German language inventors Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach in Bad Cannstatt, Germany, in 1885.^[8] This vehicle was different either the safety bicycles or the boneshaker bicycles of the era in that information technology had zero degrees of steering axis angle and no fork offset, and thus did not use the principles of bike and motorbike dynamics adult nearly lxx years earlier. Instead, information technology relied on two outrigger wheels to remain upright while turning.^[9]

The inventors called their invention the Reitwagen ("riding machine"). It was designed as an expedient testbed for their new engine, rather than a true paradigm vehicle.^{[x] [11]}

Butler's Patent Velocycle

The commencement commercial design for a self-propelled cycle was a three-bicycle design called the Butler Petrol Cycle, conceived of Edward Butler in England in 1884.^[12] He exhibited his plans for the vehicle at the Stanley Bicycle Show in London in 1884. The vehicle was built by the Merryweather Fire Engine company in Greenwich, in 1888.^[13]

The Butler Petrol Bicycle was a iii-wheeled vehicle, with the rear cycle directly driven by a v⁄8  hp (0.47 kW), 40 cc (2.4 cu in) deportation, 2+ one⁄4  in × 5 in (57 mm × 127 mm) bore × stroke, flat twin 4-stroke engine (with magneto ignition replaced by coil and battery) equipped with rotary valves and a float-fed carburettor (five years before Maybach) and Ackermann steering, all of which were state of the art at the time. Starting was by compressed air. The engine was liquid-cooled, with a radiator over the rear driving wheel. Speed was controlled past means of a throttle valve lever. No braking arrangement was fitted; the vehicle was stopped by raising and lowering the rear driving wheel using a human foot-operated lever; the weight of the machine was then borne by two modest brush wheels. The driver was seated betwixt the front wheels. Information technology wasn't, still, a success, equally Butler failed to find sufficient financial bankroll.^[14]

Many government take excluded steam powered, electric motorcycles or diesel-powered two-wheelers from the definition of a 'motorcycle', and credit the Daimler Reitwagen as the world's first motorbike.^{[15] [16] [17]} Given the rapid ascension in use of electric motorcycles worldwide,^[eighteen] defining simply internal-combustion powered two-wheelers every bit 'motorcycles' is increasingly problematic. The first (petroleum fueled) internal-combustion motorcycles, like the High german Reitwagen, were, however, also the first practical motorcycles.^{[16] [19] [20]}

If a ii-wheeled vehicle with steam propulsion is considered a motorcycle, then the outset motorcycles built seem to be the French Michaux-Perreaux steam velocipede which patent application was filled in December 1868,^{[ten] [11]} synthetic around the same time as the American Roper steam velocipede, congenital by Sylvester H. Roper Roxbury, Massachusetts.^{[10] [11]} who demonstrated his motorcar at fairs and circuses in the eastern U.S. in 1867,^[8] Roper built about 10 steam cars and cycles from the 1860s until his death in 1896.^[17]

Summary of early on inventions [edit]

Twelvemonth	Vehicle	Number of wheels	Inventor	Engine type	Notes
1867–1868	Michaux-Perreaux steam velocipede	2	Pierre Michaux Louis-Guillaume Perreaux	Steam	Ane fabricated
1867–1868	Roper steam velocipede	2	Sylvester Roper	Steam	One made
1885	Daimler Reitwagen	2 (plus 2 outriggers)	Gottlieb Daimler Wilhelm Maybach	Petroleum internal-combustion	One made
1887	Butler Petrol Cycle	3 (plus 2 castors)	Edward Butler	Petroleum internal-combustion
1894	Hildebrand & Wolfmüller	2	Heinrich Hildebrand Wilhelm Hildebrand Alois Wolfmüller	Petroleum internal-combustion	Modern configuration First mass-produced motorcycle First motorcar to be called "motorcycle"

First motorcycle companies [edit]

Diagram of 1894 Hildebrand & Wolfmüller

In 1894, Hildebrand & Wolfmüller became the first serial production motorcycle, and the beginning to exist called a motorcycle (German: Motorrad).^{[ten] [11] [17] [21]} Excelsior Motor Visitor, originally a bicycle manufacturing visitor based in Coventry, England, began production of their beginning motorcycle model in 1896.

The first production motorcycle in the United states of america was the Orient-Aster, built by Charles Metz in 1898 at his factory in Waltham, Massachusetts.

In the early on period of motorbike history, many producers of bicycles adjusted their designs to accommodate the new internal combustion engine. As the engines became more powerful and designs outgrew the bicycle origins, the number of motorcycle producers increased. Many of the nineteenth-century inventors who worked on early motorcycles often moved on to other inventions. Daimler and Roper, for example, both went on to develop automobiles.

At the stop of the 19th century the first major mass-product firms were set up. In 1898, Triumph Motorcycles in England began producing motorbikes, and by 1903 it was producing over 500 bikes. Other British firms were Royal Enfield, Norton, Douglas Motorcycles and Birmingham Small Artillery Company who began motorbike production in 1899, 1902, 1907 and 1910, respectively.^[22] Indian began production in 1901 and Harley-Davidson was established two years later. Past the outbreak of World War I, the largest motorcycle manufacturer in the world was Indian,^{[23] [24]} producing over twenty,000 bikes per twelvemonth.^[25]

Start World War [edit]

During the First World State of war, motorcycle product was profoundly ramped up for the war effort to supply effective communications with front line troops. Messengers on horses were replaced with despatch riders on motorcycles carrying messages, performing reconnaissance and acting as a armed forces police force. American company Harley-Davidson was devoting over l% of its factory output toward military contract past the cease of the war. The British company Triumph Motorcycles sold more than 30,000 of its Triumph Blazon H model to allied forces during the war. With the rear cycle driven past a belt, the Model H was fitted with a 499 cc (30.5 cu in) air-cooled four-stroke single-cylinder engine. Information technology was also the starting time Triumph without pedals.^{[26] [ ameliorate source needed ]}

The Model H in detail, is regarded by many as having been the get-go "modern motorcycle".^[27] Introduced in 1915 it had a 550 cc side-valve four-stroke engine with a three-speed gearbox and belt transmission. It was so popular with its users that it was nicknamed the "Trusty Triumph".^[28]

Postwar [edit]

By 1920, Harley-Davidson was the largest manufacturer,^[29] with their motorcycles being sold by dealers in 67 countries.^{[thirty] [31]}

Amongst many British motorcycle manufacturers, Chater-Lea with its twin-cylinder models followed past its big singles in the 1920s stood out. Initially, using converted a Woodmann-designed ohv Blackburne engine it became the offset 350 cc to exceed 100 mph (160 km/h), recording 100.81 mph (162.24 km/h) over the flying kilometre during April 1924.[vii] Afterwards, Chater-Lea set a globe tape for the flying kilometre for 350 cc and 500 cc motorcycles at 102.ix mph (165.6 km/h) for the firm. Chater-Lea produced variants of these world-beating sports models and became popular amid racers at the Mann TT. Today, the firm is probably best remembered for its long-term contract to manufacture and supply AA Patrol motorcycles and sidecars.^{[ citation needed ]}

By the belatedly 1920s or early on 1930s, DKW in Frg took over as the largest manufacturer.^{[32] [33] [34]}

In the 1950s, streamlining began to play an increasing part in the development of racing motorcycles and the "dustbin fairing" held out the possibility of radical changes to motorcycle design. NSU and Moto Guzzi were in the vanguard of this evolution, both producing very radical designs well ahead of their time.^[35] NSU produced the about advanced design, but later the deaths of four NSU riders in the 1954–1956 seasons, they abased farther development and quit Thou Prix motorcycle racing.^[36]

Moto Guzzi produced competitive race machines, and until the terminate of 1957 had a succession of victories.^[37] The following year, 1958, full enclosure fairings were banned from racing by the FIM in the light of the safety concerns.

From the 1960s through the 1990s, pocket-size two-stroke motorcycles were popular worldwide, partly as a result of East German MZs Walter Kaaden'southward engine piece of work in the 1950s.^[38]

Today [edit]

In the 21st century, the motorcycle industry is mainly dominated by Indian and Japanese motorcycle companies. In addition to the large capacity motorcycles, there is a big market in smaller chapters (less than 300 cc) motorcycles, mostly concentrated in Asian and African countries and produced in China and Republic of india.^{[ citation needed ]} A Japanese example is the 1958 Honda Super Cub, which went on to become the biggest selling vehicle of all fourth dimension, with its 60 millionth unit produced in April 2008.^[39] Today, this expanse is dominated by mostly Indian companies with Hero MotoCorp emerging as the world's largest manufacturer of two wheelers. Its Splendor model has sold more than 8.5 million to date.^[twoscore] Other major producers are Bajaj and TVS Motors.^[41]

Technical aspects [edit]

Construction [edit]

Motorbike construction is the engineering, manufacturing, and assembly of components and systems for a motorcycle which results in the operation, cost, and aesthetics desired past the designer. With some exceptions, structure of modern mass-produced motorcycles has standardised on a steel or aluminium frame, telescopic forks holding the front wheel, and disc brakes. Some other body parts, designed for either aesthetic or performance reasons may be added. A petrol-powered engine typically consisting of between one and four cylinders (and less normally, upward to viii cylinders) coupled to a transmission five- or six-speed sequential manual drives the swingarm-mounted rear wheel by a chain, driveshaft, or belt. The repair tin exist done using a Motorcycle lift.

Fuel economy [edit]

Motorcycle fuel economy varies profoundly with engine displacement and riding style.^[42] A streamlined, fully faired Matzu Matsuzawa Honda XL125 achieved 470 mpg_‑Usa (0.50 L/100 km; 560 mpg_‑imp) in the Craig Vetter Fuel Economy Challenge "on real highways – in real weather condition".^[43] Due to low engine displacements (100–200 cc (6.one–12.ii cu in)), and loftier power-to-mass ratios, motorcycles offer good fuel economy. Under atmospheric condition of fuel scarcity like 1950s United kingdom of great britain and northern ireland and modernistic developing nations, motorcycles merits large shares of the vehicle market. In the United states of america, the average motorcycle fuel economy is 44 miles per US gallon (xix km per liter).^[44]

Electrical motorcycles [edit]

Very loftier fuel economy equivalents are oftentimes derived by electric motorcycles. Electric motorcycles are nearly silent, zero-emission electric motor-driven vehicles. Operating range and top speed are express by bombardment applied science.^[45] Fuel cells and petroleum-electric hybrids are also nether development to extend the range and improve performance of the electrical drive organization.

Reliability [edit]

A 2013 survey of 4,424 readers of the United states Consumer Reports magazine collected reliability information on iv,680 motorcycles purchased new from 2009 to 2012.^[46] The most common problem areas were accessories, brakes, electrical (including starters, charging, ignition), and fuel systems, and the types of motorcycles with the greatest problems were touring, off-route/dual sport, sport-touring, and cruisers.^[46] In that location were not enough sport bikes in the survey for a statistically significant determination, though the information hinted at reliability as expert equally cruisers.^[46] These results may exist partially explained by accessories including such equipment every bit fairings, luggage, and auxiliary lighting, which are often added to touring, adventure touring/dual sport and sport touring bikes.^[47] Trouble with fuel systems is ofttimes the result of improper wintertime storage, and brake problems may also be due to poor maintenance.^[46] Of the v brands with plenty information to draw conclusions, Honda, Kawasaki and Yamaha were statistically tied, with 11 to 14% of those bikes in the survey experiencing major repairs.^[46] Harley-Davidsons had a rate of 24%, while BMWs did worse, with 30% of those needing major repairs.^[46] At that place were non enough Triumph and Suzuki motorcycles surveyed for a statistically sound decision, though it appeared Suzukis were equally reliable as the other three Japanese brands while Triumphs were comparable to Harley-Davidson and BMW.^[46] Iii-fourths of the repairs in the survey cost less than Usa$200 and ii-thirds of the motorcycles were repaired in less than two days.^[46] In spite of their relatively worse reliability in this survey, Harley-Davidson and BMW owners showed the greatest possessor satisfaction, and three-fourths of them said they would buy the same bike again, followed by 72% of Honda owners and 60 to 63% of Kawasaki and Yamaha owners.^[46]

Dynamics [edit]

Racing motorcycles leaning in a plow

Two-wheeled motorcycles stay upright while rolling due to a physical property known as conservation of angular momentum in the wheels. Athwart momentum points along the axle, and it "wants" to stay pointing in that direction.

Dissimilar types of motorcycles have different dynamics and these play a role in how a motorcycle performs in given weather condition. For instance, ane with a longer wheelbase provides the feeling of more stability past responding less to disturbances.^[48] Motorcycle tyres have a big influence over treatment.

Motorcycles must be leaned in order to make turns. This lean is induced by the method known equally countersteering, in which the rider momentarily steers the handlebars in the direction opposite of the desired turn. This practice is counterintuitive and therefore often confusing to novices – and even many experienced motorcyclists.^{[49] [50] [51]}

With such short wheelbase, motorcycles tin generate plenty torque at the rear bicycle, and enough stopping force at the front bike, to lift the opposite bike off the road. These deportment, if performed on purpose, are known as wheelies and stoppies (or endos) respectively.

Accessories [edit]

Various features and accessories may exist attached to a motorcycle either as OEM (factory-fitted) or aftermarket. Such accessories are selected by the owner to raise the motorcycle'south advent, safe, operation, or condolement, and may include anything from mobile electronics to sidecars and trailers.

Records [edit]

• The world record for the longest motorcycle jump was set in 2008 past Robbie Maddison with 107 metres (351 ft).^[52]
• Since tardily 2010, the Ack Set on team has held the motorcycle state-speed record at 376.36 mph (605.69 km/h).^[53]

Safety [edit]

Wearing a motorcycle helmet reduces the risks of death or head injury in a motorcycle crash

Motorcycles have a higher rate of fatal accidents than automobiles or trucks and buses. United States Department of Transportation information for 2005 from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System show that for rider cars, 18.62 fatal crashes occur per 100,000 registered vehicles. For motorcycles this effigy is higher at 75.19 per 100,000 registered vehicles – 4 times college than for cars.^[54] The same data shows that i.56 fatalities occur per 100 million vehicle miles travelled for passenger cars, whereas for motorcycles the figure is 43.47 which is 28 times higher than for cars (37 times more deaths per mile travelled in 2007).^[7] Furthermore, for motorcycles the blow rates have increased significantly since the end of the 1990s, while the rates have dropped for rider cars.

The most common configuration of motorcycle accidents in the United States is when a motorist pulls out or turns in forepart of a motorcyclist, violating their correct-of-way.^[55] This is sometimes called a SMIDSY, an acronym formed from the motorists' mutual response of "Sorry mate, I didn't run across y'all".^[56] Motorcyclists can conceptualize and avoid some of these crashes with proper preparation, increasing their visibility to other traffic, keeping to the speed limits, and not consuming alcohol or other drugs before riding.^[57]

The United Kingdom has several organisations dedicated to improving motorcycle rubber by providing advanced passenger training beyond what is necessary to pass the basic motorcycle licence test. These include the Institute of Advanced Motorists (IAM) and the Imperial Society for the Prevention of Accidents (RoSPA). Along with increased personal rubber, riders with these advanced qualifications may do good from reduced insurance costs^[58]

Young woman riding a motorcycle in Lao people's democratic republic, with 4 young children passengers

In South Africa, the Recollect Wheel campaign is dedicated to increasing both motorbike rubber and the awareness of motorcycles on the country's roads. The campaign, while strongest in the Gauteng province, has representation in Western Cape, KwaZulu Natal and the Free Country. Information technology has dozens of trained marshals available for various events such as wheel races and is deeply involved in numerous other projects such as the almanac Motorcycle Toy Run.^[59]

Motorcycle safety pedagogy is offered throughout the United States by organisations ranging from state agencies to non-profit organisations to corporations. Most states use the courses designed by the Motorcycle Prophylactic Foundation (MSF), while Oregon and Idaho adult their own. All of the training programs include a Bones Rider Course, an Intermediate Rider Course and an Advanced Rider Course.

An MSF passenger class for novices

In Ireland, since 2010,^[60] in the Britain and some Australian jurisdictions, such as Victoria, New S Wales,^[61] the Australian Majuscule Territory,^[62] Tasmania^[63] and the Northern Territory,^[64] it is compulsory to consummate a basic rider training grade earlier being issued a Learners Licence, later which they can ride on public roads.

In Canada, motorcycle rider training is compulsory in Quebec and Manitoba only, but all provinces and territories have graduated licence programs which identify restrictions on new drivers until they have gained experience. Eligibility for a full motorcycle licence or endorsement for completing a Motorcycle Safe course varies by province. Without the Motorcycle Safety Grade the risk of getting insurance for the motorcycle is very low. The Canada Safety Council, a non-profit safety organisation, offers the Gearing Up programme beyond Canada and is endorsed by the Motorcycle and Moped Industry Council.^[65] Training course graduates may qualify for reduced insurance premiums.

Motorcycle rider postures [edit]

BMW C1, with a more upright seating position

Bombardier Can-Am Spyder, showing location of rider on the trike

The motorcyclist's riding position depends on rider body-geometry (anthropometry) combined with the geometry of the motorcycle itself. These factors create a gear up of iii bones postures.^[66]

• Sport – the rider leans frontwards into the air current and the weight of the upper torso is supported by the rider's core at low speed and air pressure level at high speed.^[67] The footpegs are below the rider or to the rear. The reduced frontal area cuts wind resistance and allows higher speeds. At low-speed in this position the rider'due south artillery may bear some of the weight of the rider's torso, which can be problematic.
• Standard – the rider sits upright or leans forward slightly. The feet are beneath the passenger. These are motorcycles that are non specialised to one task, and so they practice not excel in any particular expanse.^{[68] [69]} The standard posture is used with touring and commuting as well as dirt and dual-sport bikes, and may offer advantages for beginners.^[70]
• Cruiser – the passenger sits at a lower seat height with the upper torso upright or leaning slightly rearward. Legs are extended forward, sometimes out of accomplish of the regular controls on cruiser pegs. The low seat height can be a consideration for new or short riders. Handlebars tend to be loftier and wide. The accent is on comfort while compromising cornering ability because of depression basis clearance and the greater likelihood of scraping foot pegs, floor boards, or other parts if turns are taken at the speeds other motorcycles tin more readily accomplish.^{[71] [72]}

Factors of a motorcycle's ergonomic geometry that determine the seating posture include the height, angle and location of footpegs, seat and handlebars. Factors in a passenger'southward physical geometry that contribute to seating posture include torso, arm, thigh and leg length, and overall rider height.

Legal definitions and restrictions [edit]

A motorbike is broadly defined by police in nearly countries for the purposes of registration, taxation and rider licensing as a powered two-wheel motor vehicle. Most countries distinguish between mopeds of 49 cc and the more powerful, larger vehicles (scooters do not count as a split up category). Many jurisdictions include some forms of iii-wheeled cars every bit motorcycles.

In Nigeria, motorcycles, popularly referred to equally Okada accept been subject of many controversies with regards to safety and security followed by restriction of movement in many states. Recently, it was banned in Lagos - Nigeria'south most populous city.^{[73] [74]}

Environmental impact [edit]

Motorcycles and scooters' low fuel consumption has attracted involvement in the United States from environmentalists and those afflicted past increased fuel prices.^{[75] [76]} Piaggio Group Americas supported this involvement with the launch of a "Vespanomics" website and platform, claiming lower per-mile carbon emissions of 0.iv lb/mile (113 1000/km) less than the average car, a 65% reduction, and ameliorate fuel economy.^[77]

However, a motorbike'southward exhaust emissions may contain 10–20 times more oxides of nitrogen (NOx), carbon monoxide, and unburned hydrocarbons than frazzle from a similar-year passenger motorcar or SUV.^{[75] [78]} This is because many motorcycles lack a catalytic converter, and the emission standard is much more permissive for motorcycles than for other vehicles.^[75] While catalytic converters have been installed in most gasoline-powered cars and trucks since 1975 in the United States, they tin present fitment and heat difficulties in motorbike applications.^{[75] [ amend source needed ]}

United States Environmental Protection Agency 2007 certification result reports for all vehicles versus on highway motorcycles (which as well includes scooters),^[79] the average certified emissions level for 12,327 vehicles tested was 0.734. The average "Nox+Co End-Of-Useful-Life-Emissions" for 3,863 motorcycles tested was 0.8531. 54% of the tested 2007-model motorcycles were equipped with a catalytic converter.

United states emissions limits [edit]

The following table shows maximum acceptable legal emissions of the combination of hydrocarbons, oxides of nitrogen, and carbon monoxide for new motorcycles sold in the United States with 280 cc or greater piston deportation.^[80]

Tier	Model twelvemonth	HC+NOx (one thousand/km)	CO (thou/km)
Tier 1	2006–2009	1.4	12.0
Tier 2	2010 and later	0.viii	12.0

The maximum acceptable legal emissions of hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide for new Class I and II motorcycles (l cc–169 cc and 170 cc–279 cc respectively) sold in the The states are as follows:^[80]

Model year	HC (thousand/km)	CO (g/km)
2006 and later	one.0	12.0

Europe [edit]

European emission standards for motorcycles are similar to those for cars.^[81] New motorcycles must run into Euro five standards,^[82] while cars must run across Euro 6D-temp standards. Motorcycle emission controls are being updated and it has been proposed to update to Euro five+ in 2024.^[83]

Encounter besides [edit]

• Bike and motorbike geometry
• List of motorcycle manufacturers
• List of motor scooter manufacturers and brands
• Motorcycle industry in China
• Streamlined motorbike

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General references [edit]

• de Cet, Mirco (2002), The illustrated directory of motorcycles, MotorBooks/MBI Publishing Company, ISBN978-0-7603-1417-3
• Davis, James R.; Anthony, Cash (2011), Motorcycle Rubber and Dynamics: Vol ane, Houston, Texas: Chief Strategy Group, ISBN978-1257645886
• Falco, Charles Grand.; Guggenheim Museum Staff (1998), "Issues in the Evolution of the Motorcycle", in Krens, Thomas; Drutt, Matthew (eds.), The Art of the Motorbike, Harry Northward. Abrams, pp. 24–31, ISBN0-89207-207-v
• Gaetano, Cocco (2004), Motorcycle Design and Applied science, Minneapolis: MotorBooks/MBI Publishing Visitor, ISBN978-0-7603-1990-1
• Georgano, Yard.N. (2002), Early and Vintage Years, 1885-1930: The Golden Era of Coachbuilding, Mason Crest Publishers
• Kresnak, Bill (2008), Motorcycling for Dummies, Hoboken, New Jersey: For Dummies, Wiley Publishing, ISBN978-0-470-24587-3
• Lienhard, John H. (2005), Inventing Modern: Growing Up with X-Rays, Skyscrapers, and Tailfins, Oxford University Printing US, ISBN0-xix-518951-5
• Maher, Kevin; Greisler, Ben (1998), Chilton's Motorbike Handbook, Haynes North America, pp. two.ii–2.18, ISBN0-8019-9099-8
• Setright, 50.J.K. (1979), The Guinness volume of motorcycling facts and feats, Guinness Superlatives, pp. 8–18, ISBN978-0-85112-200-7
• Stermer, Beak (2006), Streetbikes: Everything You Need to Know, MotorBooks/MBI Publishing Company, ISBN978-0-7603-2362-5
• Duglin Kennedy, Shirley (2005), The Savvy Guide to Motorcycles, Indy Tech Publishing, ISBN978-0-7906-1316-one
• Walker, Mick (1999). Mick Walker's High german Racing Motorcycles. Redline Books. ISBN978-0-9531311-2-9.
• Walker, Mick (2006), Motorcycle: Evolution, Design, Passion, JHU Press, ISBN978-0-8018-8530-3
• Willoughby, Vic (1982), Exotic Motorcycles, London: Osprey Publishing, Ltd, ISBN0-85045-322-4

External links [edit]

Wikimedia Eatables has media related to Motorcycle.

• Motorcycles at Curlie

daleachend.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motorcycle

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